| Autism does not have a long history, and
| |
| | Asperger, was a scientist and
|
| this is due to the fact that the history
| |
| | pediatrician. He is best known in the
|
| of autism really didn't begin until the
| |
| | history of autism for defining Asperger
|
| first decade of the 20th century.
| |
| | Syndrome - a specific type of high
|
| Although, autism as a condition was
| |
| | functioning autism. The first time he
|
| around prior to this time, it was not a
| |
| | defined Asperger syndrome was in 1944,
|
| recognized condition and most people
| |
| | when he studied 4 young boys and, like
|
| would have been regarded as insane. In
| |
| | Kanner, found that each child displayed
|
| fact, it wasn't even until the Swiss
| |
| | similar characteristics. He identified
|
| psychiatrist, Eugene Bleuler, coined the
| |
| | these characteristic behaviors as
|
| term "autism" in the 1912 issue of the
| |
| | autistic psychopathy.
|
| American Journal of Insanity, did the
| |
| | Although Asperger identified most of the
|
| term even exist.
| |
| | same traits as Kanner, he didn't note his
|
| However, despite being the first person
| |
| | group having delayed echolalia.
|
| to use the term, Bleuler considered
| |
| | Alternatively, he said that the children
|
| autism to be another form of
| |
| | had clumsy movements and irregular motor
|
| schizophrenia in which schizophrenic's
| |
| | skills compared to regular children, and
|
| lacked social skills with others, and
| |
| | also that they talked much like grown
|
| were more absorbed in themselves.
| |
| | ups. Asperger referred to them as "little
|
| Bleuler's study was the beginning of the
| |
| | professors".
|
| history of autism.
| |
| | Unfortunately, the findings of Dr. Hans
|
| Although Bleuler may have been the first
| |
| | Asperger regarding autism were not widely
|
| to recognize one of the most common
| |
| | discovered until the late 1980's even
|
| traits of autistics, there were three
| |
| | though his reports occurred much earlier
|
| other pioneers of autism who really set
| |
| | in the history of autism. It is believed
|
| the wheels of autism research in motion.
| |
| | that there were two main reasons why
|
| These three doctors had a huge impact on
| |
| | Asperger did not receive the recognition
|
| what people believed autism was in the
| |
| | he deserved until much later than his
|
| mid 1900's, as well as how the disorder
| |
| | original observations. The first reason
|
| is recognized today.
| |
| | was his findings were delayed due to
|
| Dr. Leo Kanner - (1894 - 1981) - Dr. Leo
| |
| | World War II. The second was that his
|
| Kanner was an Austrian-American
| |
| | work wasn't written in English and was
|
| psychiatrist, who was one of the first to
| |
| | not translated until almost 50 years
|
| specialize in child psychology. Kanner, a
| |
| | later.
|
| doctor at Baltimore's Johns Hopkins
| |
| | Dr. Bruno Bettelhiem (1903-1990) - Bruno
|
| Hospital, is credited with recognizing
| |
| | Bettelheim was an Austrian-American
|
| autism as its own unique mental disorder.
| |
| | writer and child psychologist. Bettelheim
|
| According to the history of autism,
| |
| | developed his own theories on autism and
|
| Kanner created the label early infantile
| |
| | is best known for his theory of the
|
| autism, which he wrote about in 1943 in
| |
| | "refrigerator mother". In his work "The
|
| the journal "The Nervous Child".
| |
| | Empty Fortress"(1967), Bettelheim wrote
|
| In his report, Kanner discussed his
| |
| | about three therapy sessions with
|
| research based on a group of eleven
| |
| | children who had infantile autism. He
|
| children who all closely displayed the
| |
| | claimed that their disorder was caused by
|
| following traits:
| |
| | having emotionally cold mothers. His
|
| Â- Social interaction difficulties
| |
| | theory was widely accepted, and for many
|
| Â- Difficulty processing and adapting to
| |
| | years, parents (particularly mothers)
|
| changes
| |
| | were considered the problem behind
|
| Â- Particularly good memory
| |
| | autism.
|
| Â- Belated echolalia (repeating speech
| |
| | For information on recognizing and
|
| made by others)
| |
| | treating autism sign up for the free
|
| Â- Exceedingly sensitive to sounds, and
| |
| | Autism newsletter below.
|
| other stimulants
| |
| | Today, Bettelhiem's theory has been
|
| Â- Food issues
| |
| | disregarded by most. However, the
|
| Â- Good intellectual potential
| |
| | characteristics described by Kanner and
|
| He used the term autism to describe the
| |
| | Asperger are still used to define the
|
| main characteristic all the children he
| |
| | basic behavioral patterns of autistics.
|
| studied displayed - little to no interest
| |
| | Nevertheless, all of these men have made
|
| in socializing with other people.
| |
| | a serious mark on the history of autism.
|
| Dr. Hans Asperger (1906-1980) - Dr. Hans
| |
| |
|
