Small Business Health Insurance Basics In Texas

Finding the right group health plan for your businessfederal law called COBRA (Consolidated Omnibus
can be downright intimidating: sorting through lists ofBudget Reconciliation Act) allow employees to maintain
insurance companies and plans; checking andbenefits for a period of time after separation from the
re-checking the dollars and totals for deductibles andjob. It is your legal responsibility to inform employees of
co-pays; making sense of plan limitations andtheir rights to continue coverage. Former employees
exclusions; deciphering a dictionary's worth ofwho choose to continue their coverage through
insurance-speak. It's enough to make anyone feel like aCOBRA or state continuation must pay the full cost of
high-school freshman again.the plan. You are not obligated to contribute toward
Texas insurance law allows a wide array of healththeir premiums, even if you previously paid a share.
care coverage plans and packages. All group healthAsk your carrier for details about your responsibility
insurance has its limitations and finding the righttoward former employees.
employee health plan at the right price can beTypes of Plans Offered
challenging.Health plans are classified as either "state-mandated
In Texas, the term "small employer" is a specialplans" or "consumer choice plans." A state-mandated
insurance designation reserved for businesses withplan provides certain required minimum features and
two to 50 eligible employees. The law provides somecoverages. A consumer choice plan is any plan
added protections to these businesses, including a 15developed by a carrier that excludes some
percent annual cap on rate increases due to healthstate-mandated benefits. Generally, consumer choice
factors, a state-enforced guarantee that carriersplans that do not include all the state-mandated
cannot arbitrarily discontinue coverage, and acoverages will save you money on your monthly
cooperative purchasing provision that lets smallpremium.
employers pool their purchasing clout to negotiateAlthough consumer choice plans are sometimes called
lower rates."standard plans," be careful not to interpret the term to
For employees of small businesses in Dallas, Houstonmean that the coverages provided are "standardized."
and throughout Texas, the law provides several waysEach carrier's consumer choice plan may be different,
to maintain benefits after leaving a job and limits theand a carrier may offer several different consumer
waiting period before pre-existing conditions arechoice plans.
covered.Some state-mandated benefits continue to be required
Beyond these requirements, small-employer carriersfor consumer choice plans, including coverages for:
may offer a wide variety of plans, with virtually any* Phenylketonuria treatment, if prescription drugs are
combination of features and benefits.covered.
Small-Business Coverage Eligibility* Complications of pregnancy.
Texas businesses with two to 50 eligible employees* Minimum hospital stay after childbirth (federally
may obtain small-employer coverage from either amandated).
traditional insurance company or a health maintenance* Reconstruction surgery following a mastectomy
organization (HMO). Eligible employees are defined as(federally mandated).
those who usually work at least 30 hours per week;Consumer choice plans may vary depending on the
are not classified as temporary, part-time, or seasonal;type of carrier offering the plan. For example, HMO
and are not already covered by another group healthconsumer choice plans must pay for 20 outpatient
plan. A business' owners count toward the employeemental health visits per enrollee per year, but that's not
total.a requirement in indemnity plans. In addition, unlike
The number of eligible employees -- not totalinsurance companies, HMO consumer choice plans
employees -- determines whether a business ismust include basic health care services, such as
considered a small employer under Texas insuranceinpatient, outpatient, and preventative services. Carriers
law. For example, if your business has 60 totalmay offer optional benefits that vary widely from plan
employees, it could still qualify if six of the workers areto plan.
part-time and four have coverage through some otherYou don't have the time for all this research and
source, such as a spouse's plan.number crunching. But can you really afford to leave it
If you decide to offer a group health plan to youron your "maybe someday" list? As the cost of medical
employees, you must make it equally available to all ofcare rises, the risks of not having health insurance are
your eligible employees and their dependents.more apparent than ever. Today a single injury or
Coverage is available under a small employer healthillness --if uninsured-- can leave a family in financial ruin.
benefit plan if at least 75 percent of a small employer'sMoreover, health coverage is a key benefit of
eligible employees elect to be covered. Carriers mustemployment. You may not be able to hire and keep
always "round up" when calculating the percentage.the best employees without offering it.
For example, a five-person business with only threeAnother alternative to group health insurance plans,
employees wanting to participate satisfies a 75which can be unaffordable for many small businesses,
percent requirement by rounding up.is to offer individual health insurance options to your
However, in the case of a business with only twoemployees. By law, an employer is not allowed to
eligible employees, the law requires 100 percentcontribute to these plans, or that would be treated as
participation. A husband and wife working in a businessgroup insurance under Texas state law. But you can
must be counted as two separate employees. Neitherstill help your employees become insured in a good
of the employees is eligible for coverage as aplan and improve their health and well-being and also
dependent of the other.improve employee retention in the process.
If you provide a health plan, state regulations and a