Our Iranian Definition of Anxiety

I would like to explore my understanding of how weemotions about something or in some situations). So
Iranians deal with mental health issues as a multiculturalhaving delshoreh means that your stomach is being
group. I will not refer to the multicultural groups as aattacked by a feeling that almost washes your calm
group for itself, as it is not fair to the diversity in eachaway.
group alone. To be specific I like to examine our IranianDuring those moments of feeling the pain of anxiety or
culture as a group while this group is divided to andelshoreh, person does not have any sense of what is
unknown subgroups and subcategories. To make thegoing on. In Persian we say: I am having delshoreh,
story short, it is significant for each culture to examinemeaning I am suffering from something vague. This is
their own believes in order to widen the knowledgethe similar explanation in English, having anxiety is due
about people with mental health issues.to a fuzzy feeling about something that is not right.
I believe that this is a lengthy debate, why I will raiseDelshoreh is culturally known as a sign for something
my voice in the capacity of my experiences as abad happening, a blurred idea of a threat to one's
counselor, social worker, and mental health worker.integrity. This feeling might get confused with the
We should recognize that the mainstream psychologyburden of shame and guilt. As we Iranian have never
works best for the mainstream society, why abeen encouraged to understand our own feelings, we
multicultural psychology would help many aspects ofmix and mingle feelings because we are used to
mental health for people who for any reasons fallinternalize oppression forced upon us. At this personal
aside from this mainstream. In my profession I seelevel we start blaming ourselves for having done
men and women, who are distressed, showsomething wrong, for being bad or sinning, or not doing
symptoms of anxiety and depression, however, theygood deeds. The bodily response to this deep level of
have hard time to ask for proper help or attend anypain causing by Delshoreh is usually not explained in
psychotherapy at all.words. What do I mean by this vague definition of a
It is beneficial for therapists, psychologists and mentalvague feeling? It is our cultural understanding that
health workers out there to examine the ways indelshoreh is the same as fear, while psychology says
which each multicultural group refer to bodily / mentallysomething else.
related issues. Ideally, it would be useful to understandAnxiety and fear are two constant problems in huge
the language of clients, as the words reveal a lot aboutnumber of mental health issues everywhere and also
the life of each client.in our Iranian culture. There is of course no research
This writing is a basic attempt to evaluate the need forsupporting about the reasons for anxiety in various
culturally based psychological evaluations of our Iranianpopulations, however, we all have experienced horrible
group as we have different understanding of mentalsituations that are indeed anxiety provoking itself.
health issues compare to the Western population.For all the level of insecurity that we Iranian face
Again the point is not to universalize our Iranian groupeveryday in our lives having delshoreh or fear is a
as we (Iranian) come from a multilayered communitiescomprehensible response to our hard reality. This is a
and cultural background. Neither the point is to picturenormal response to what is not normal undeniably.
us Iranian as isolated groups of people who hide behindIt is significant to identify how to deal with our feelings
the dark.as they are always with us. Anxiety is an alerting
The point is to open up a discussion to see how wesignal; it warns us of impending danger and enables a
can help more families and individuals who areperson to take measures to deal with a threat.
suffering from mental health issues.However the definition of anxiety for people who are
The point is that we Iranian, in general we have hardliving in constant terror may or may not be an altering
time to recognize mental health as an issue. We tendsignal. In horrible life circumstances that many people
to somaticize, meaning we define any illness related tostruggle with in Iran and Middle East, all those warning
our physical body.signals something get confused with many physical
I question whether a western culture therapist wouldconditions.
be able to work with the diverse group people asSometimes those external circumstances create
Iranian is. We should remember that no counselorreason for having anxiety and fear. What are those
comes from a social vacuum and everything thatcircumstances?
therapist and psychologist say is culturally related. HowAny time we have endured the pain of having been
would this aspect be helpful or harmful to our people?forced to live a certain lifestyle; we know that anxiety
In Adlerian terms, a mental health issue is all related tohas been there to tell us what we do not like.
one aspect; loss of hope and loss of encouragementAll those years when bombs were falling on our
in life (Adler, 1957). Our life in migration is hard enough,people's head, we were dealing with the anxiety and
not adding the reality of our families being spreadfear of not knowing what would happen to us next
between many countries and we being distressedhour.
about adjustments. We long for the real notion ofAll those people whose children, whose family
family we once knew.members were killed, disappeared, tortured, left to exile,
Let's focus on a general issue we all deal with atand are victimized one way or another, they know
times. Remember when we say: delam shor mizaneh!how painful and devastating anxiety is.
It would be helpful to dig into this notion and to extractMany of our Iranian citizens have been victimized one
the cultural meanings behind this word. We all haveway or another due to the level of unstable situation
heard stories about how our Iranian men and womenback home.
go to doctors complaining about "the pain in the chest"We have all experienced the severe pain of anxiety
or the "bad feeling in the stomach."as an alerting signal that something is going to happen
Sometimes it is hard for many of us to exactly sayor is happening right now.
what we want to say. with all the belief and trust weThe anxiety of having lost a loved one or not being
Iranian have to the medical world, we ask for drugsable to return to homeland could be devastating and it
and try to "cure" our issues even though they arehas been for many of our fellow Iranians.
mental health related.What is the definition of Anxiety and Fear?
If our family doctors happen to recommend that weFear is a response to a known, external, definite, and
see a psychologist, we go back home and say thatreal threat, while anxiety is a response to an unknown,
doctor was not good.internal, vague, and a conflictual threat.
Sometimes our younger generations they seekSo, we may have anxiety for our child leaving home to
psychiatrists and psychologists because they havego out with his/her friends, yet we may be fearful of
communication problems at home with their parents.thief or snake.
Some suffer from parents who will control their lifeThe feeling of anxiety is unknown; when our child is
forever. Some women suffering from abusiveleaving that door gives us other signals. We all have
husband or other domestic issues, they go to doctorsfeelings, we feel because we are human, and we act
asking for medications. The examples are numerous.upon our feelings as we find them directive.
The main point is we do not know how to deal withWe fear about the possible dangers out there, yet we
mental health issues and we will not recognize havingcan never know for sure what can happen in our
any mental health issues. Any bad feelings, any harshfuture.
thoughts, or any compulsive behaviour we have couldIf that is the case we could do some anxiety reducing
be mental health related. Now let see how we defineresponse to help the situation. However, we need to
one little aspect of mental health issues: Anxiety.know how to cope and how to manage our life
Anxiety or Delshorehsituations in order to deal with anxiety and fear.
What is anxiety or delshoreh in our Iranian culture?Without a doubt emotion, thoughts, and behaviours go
The word delshoreh in Persian has an appealinghand in hand.now the question is how did we deal with
meaning in itself; the word explains what is happeninganxiety or delshoreh before? Remember our mothers
when you have delshoreh.would say: "give the person some salt, if he/she was
Simply your Del or stomach is being excited, upset, orscared or shocked"!
stimulated (the verb Shoridan means having too much