Gymnastics Sport Psychology, Goals, and Motivation

90% Mental and 10% Physicalscientific evidence that a positive mental environment
It is often said that gymnastics is 90% mental and 10%is a prime basis for training and competitive success,
physical. If that is true, it certainly follows that thereespecially for girls in gymnastics and other sports. In
should be some percentage of training time devotedspite of this, it seems the typical gymnastics coach is
to the mental aspects of the sport and psychologicalmore apt to follow the Bela Karolyi School of Yelling,
training tools. In spite of this reasoning, it appears thatScreaming and Negative Feedback. Perhaps his
even among those coaches who believe in mental"screaming" success in the sport has led other
training, there is more verbal support than actual trainingcoaches to believe that his success is a result of that
going on.screaming, instead of in spite of it.
The USA National Gymnastics Team Uses a SportsEmphasize the Positive
PsychologistElite gymnasts tend to have particular traits that include
The U.S. National Gymnastics Team has beenintelligence, perfectionism and careful attention to detail.
seriously working with sports psychologists since atA well-designed mental training program would include
least 1992, after the Barcelona Olympics, dealing withmethods of accentuating a gymnast's positive traits
problems such as overly high expectations, pressureand minimizing their negative traits. A variety of mental
and stress management. In the areas the mentalprograms could and should be utilized to build
training program has utilized, there seems to beconfidence levels.
credible evidence that this program has been aGoal-Setting is a Prime Motivational Tool
success and contributed to the success of the UnitedIt is a well-established principle that that the
States in International competition.establishment and daily regular review of written goals
Self-Esteem vs. Screamcan become a self-fulfilling prophecy. This is as true in
One of the most important aspects for a mentalgymnastics training as it is in any other area of
training program is the creation of a positiveendeavor.
gymnastics environment. There is overwhelming