| Introducing the Behavior Risk Assessment
| |
| | typically consume more than 14-standard
|
| Screen (BRAS) for Patients with Multiple
| |
| | drinks per week. Yes (10 points)
|
| Addictions.
| |
| | Illicit Drug Use (e.g., All street drugs:
|
|
| |
| | marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamine
|
| With the end of the Cold War, the threat
| |
| | (ICE), ecstasy, LSD, Heroin, including
|
| of a world nuclear war has diminished
| |
| | un-prescribed medications, inhalants, and
|
| considerably. It may be hard to imagine
| |
| | or unauthorized supplements - "Ephedra",
|
| that in the end, comedians may be
| |
| | or excessively used "over-the-counter
|
| exploiting the humor in the fact that it
| |
| | medications", etc.). Score = ___
|
| wasn't nuclear warheads, but "French
| |
| | 1. I have not ever used illicit "street
|
| fries" that annihilated the human race,
| |
| | drugs" and/ or taken addictive
|
| when considering that food addictions and
| |
| | prescription medications for long periods
|
| their related diseases now afflict more
| |
| | in the past, and I do not presently use
|
| people globally than malnutrition. The
| |
| | illicit drugs or take addictive
|
| behavioral addiction disorders (e.g.,
| |
| | prescription medications. Yes (30 points)
|
| food addictions, pathological gambling,
| |
| | 2. I have used illicit "street drugs" and
|
| and other obsessively-compulsive
| |
| | or have taken addictive prescription
|
| behavioral-patterns to religion, and/ or
| |
| | medications for long periods in the past.
|
| sex / pornography, etc.) are just as
| |
| | Yes (20 points)
|
| damaging, psychologically and socially as
| |
| | 3. I use illicit "street drugs" and/ or
|
| alcohol and drug abuse.
| |
| | take addictive medications frequently or
|
| On a more serious note, lifestyle
| |
| | whenever I get the opportunity. Yes (10
|
| diseases and addictions are the leading
| |
| | points)
|
| cause of preventable morbidity and
| |
| | Caffeine Intoxication (e.g., coffee,
|
| mortality taking more than one million
| |
| | soda, tea, & other caffeine products,
|
| (1,000,000) U.S. lives a year, yet brief
| |
| | etc.)
|
| preventive behavioral assessments and
| |
| | Score = ___
|
| counseling interventions are
| |
| | 1. My use of caffeine products has not
|
| under-utilized in health care settings
| |
| | caused distress or impairment in my
|
| (Whitlock, 2002). The U.S. Preventive
| |
| | social, occupational, or other important
|
| Services Task Force concluded that
| |
| | areas of my life. Yes (30 points)
|
| effective behavioral counseling
| |
| | 2. My use of caffeine products has caused
|
| interventions that address personal
| |
| | physical symptoms (e.g., restlessness,
|
| health practices hold greater promise for
| |
| | nervousness, excitement, and/ or
|
| improving overall health than many
| |
| | insomnia, etc.), that have resulted in
|
| secondary preventive measures, such as
| |
| | impairment in my social, occupational, or
|
| routine screening for early disease
| |
| | other important areas of my life.
|
| (USPSTF, 1996). Common health-promoting
| |
| | Yes (10 points)
|
| behaviors include healthy diet, regular
| |
| | B. Eating Attitude Screen: Score = ___
|
| physical exercise, smoking cessation,
| |
| | 1. Issues concerning my weight and/ or
|
| appropriate alcohol/ medication use, and
| |
| | eating habits have not caused me to feel
|
| responsible sexual practices to include
| |
| | shame, guilt, embarrassment, and/ or low
|
| use of condoms and contraceptives.
| |
| | self-esteem, as my relationship with food
|
| Multiple Addictions and Poor Prognosis
| |
| | has never been one of the problem areas
|
| Since it is impossible to expect
| |
| | in my life. Yes (30 points)
|
| treatment for one addiction to be
| |
| | 2. Issues concerning my weight and/ or
|
| beneficial when other addictions
| |
| | eating habits have been a focus of my
|
| co-exist, the initial therapeutic
| |
| | life, causing me to sometimes feel shame,
|
| intervention for any addiction needs to
| |
| | guilt, embarrassment, and/ or low
|
| include an assessment for other
| |
| | self-esteem, as I tend to overeat, under
|
| addictions. National surveys revealed
| |
| | eat, binge, purge, and/ or obsess over
|
| that a very high correlation exists
| |
| | diets and calories
|
| between substance abuse and behavioral
| |
| |
|
| addictions. Repeated failures abound
| |
| | Yes (10 points)
|
| with all of the addictions, even with
| |
| | C. Exercise Pattern Screen: Score = ___
|
| utilizing the most effective treatment
| |
| | 1. On average, I exercise five times or
|
| strategies. But why do 47% of patients
| |
| | more per week for 30 minutes or more each
|
| treated in private addiction treatment
| |
| | time and/or have vigorous activity three
|
| programs (for example) relapse within the
| |
| | times or more per week for 20 minutes or
|
| first year following treatment (Gorski,
| |
| | more each time. = 30 points
|
| T., 2001)? Have addiction specialists
| |
| | 2. On average, I exercise once or twice a
|
| become conditioned to accept failure as
| |
| | week for 30 minutes or more each time. =
|
| the norm? There are many reasons for
| |
| | 20 points
|
| this poor prognosis. Some would proclaim
| |
| | 3. I don't exercise and/ or don't have a
|
| that addictions are psychosomatically-
| |
| | regular exercise program that I follow. =
|
| induced and maintained in a semi-balanced
| |
| | 10 points
|
| force field of driving and restraining
| |
| | D. Sleep Pattern Screen: Score = ___
|
| multidimensional forces. Others would
| |
| | 1. On average, I typically get between 7
|
| say that failures are due simply to a
| |
| | and 8 hours of sleep daily.
|
| lack of self-motivation or will power.
| |
| | = 30 points
|
| Most would agree that lifestyle
| |
| | 2. On average, I typically get less than
|
| behavioral addictions are serious health
| |
| | 4 hours of sleep daily or more than
|
| risks that deserve our attention, but
| |
| | 11hours of sleep daily. = 10 points
|
| could it possibly be that patients with
| |
| | E. Sexual Practice Screen: Score = ___
|
| multiple addictions are being under
| |
| | 1. I have always abstained from sexual
|
| diagnosed (with a single dependence)
| |
| | relationships or I have always practiced
|
| simply due to a lack of diagnostic tools
| |
| | safe sex (e.g., used condoms/
|
| and resources that are incapable of
| |
| | contraceptives appropriately, etc.) and
|
| resolving the complexity of assessing and
| |
| | have no prior history of STD's, multiple
|
| treating a patient with multiple
| |
| | sex partners, or of sharing needles with
|
| addictions?
| |
| | anyone.
|
| The Addictions Recovery Measurement
| |
| | Yes (30 points)
|
| System (ARMS), along with 350 national
| |
| | 2. I have not always practiced safe sex
|
| organizations and 250 State public
| |
| | and/ or have had multiple sex partners.
|
| health, mental health, substance abuse,
| |
| | Yes (20 points)
|
| and environmental agencies support the
| |
| | 3. I have not always practiced safe sex,
|
| U.S. Department of Health and Human
| |
| | and/ or - I presently have multiple
|
| Services, "Healthy People 2010" program.
| |
| | sexual partners and/ or have a prior
|
| This national initiative recommends that
| |
| | history of STD's and/ or a history of
|
| primary care clinicians utilize clinical
| |
| | sharing needles with others.
|
| preventive assessments and brief
| |
| | Yes (10 points)
|
| behavioral counseling for early
| |
| | F. Gambling Practice Screen: Score = ___
|
| detection, prevention, and treatment of
| |
| | 1. I have never gambled, or I have never
|
| lifestyle disease and addiction
| |
| | gambled with more than $100.00 on any
|
| indicators for all patients' upon every
| |
| | one- day, and it was purely for social
|
| healthcare visit. The ARMS theory
| |
| | entertainment. My gambling has never
|
| proposes a new diagnosis.
| |
| | resulted in adverse consequences to
|
| Poly-behavioral addiction is the
| |
| | others or myself.
|
| synergistically integrated chronic
| |
| | Yes (30 points)
|
| dependence on multiple physiologically
| |
| | 2. Gambling is sometimes a part of my
|
| addictive substances and behaviors (e.g.,
| |
| | recreational activities, but I have never
|
| using/ abusing substances - nicotine,
| |
| | gambled with more than $1000.00 on any
|
| alcohol, & drugs, and/or acting
| |
| | one-day. Periodically I have suffered
|
| impulsively or obsessively compulsive in
| |
| | from some negative consequences, but I
|
| regards to gambling, food binging, sex,
| |
| | have never lost control over this
|
| and/ or religion, etc.) simultaneously
| |
| | behavior. Yes (20 points)
|
| (Slobodzien, J., 2005).
| |
| | 3. I have gambled with more than $1000.00
|
| The ARMS prognostication system supports
| |
| | on any one-day and/ or I have a
|
| the Five A's construct (a model adapted
| |
| | continuous or periodic loss of control
|
| from tobacco cessation interventions) as
| |
| | over gambling behaviors; and/ or a
|
| a brief screening behavioral counseling
| |
| | preoccupation with gambling and obtaining
|
| system. This guideline (Morgan and Fox,
| |
| | money for gambling; and/ or a pattern of
|
| 2000) provides different brief
| |
| | continuing to gamble in spite of adverse
|
| interventions for treating patients based
| |
| | consequences. Yes (10 points)
|
| on their lifestyle disease indicators and
| |
| | G. Risky Behavior Screen: Score = ___
|
| addictive behavior status. Health care
| |
| | 1. I do not have a pattern of practicing
|
| providers should:
| |
| | the following risky behaviors:a. Drinking
|
| · Ask patients about disease/ addiction
| |
| | alcohol and/ or using mind altering drugs
|
| health indicators (e.g. if they use
| |
| | and driving a motor vehicle, or riding
|
| tobacco, alcohol, drugs, exercise, diet,
| |
| | with someone that does;b. Drinking
|
| gamble, practice risky sexual behaviors,
| |
| | alcohol and/ or using mind altering drugs
|
| etc.). An office wide system can be
| |
| | and operating machinery, and/ or using a
|
| implemented to ensure that all patients
| |
| | firearm, explosive devices, and/ or
|
| are queried regarding risky behaviors.
| |
| | exposing myself to medicines, chemicals,
|
| · Advise patients to quit--advice should
| |
| | and/ or poisons;c. Drinking alcohol and/
|
| be clear, strong, and personalized.
| |
| | or using mind altering drugs and
|
| · Assess willingness to make a quit
| |
| | bicycling, swimming, diving, boating, or
|
| attempt in the next 30 days. Provide a
| |
| | performing other potentially hazardous
|
| motivational intervention for those
| |
| | recreational activities;d. Driving/
|
| unwilling to quit at this time.
| |
| | riding a motor vehicle and not using
|
| · Assist patients in their efforts to
| |
| | seatbelts or a helmet;e. I do not have a
|
| quit: (1) Patients should set a quit date
| |
| | history of having obsessive thoughts and/
|
| and remove addictive products (triggers)
| |
| | or impulsive behaviors that have resulted
|
| from their environment. (2) Provide
| |
| | in negative consequences (e.g., alcohol/
|
| practical counseling. Total abstinence is
| |
| | substance abuse, sexual promiscuity,
|
| the key objective. Patients should limit
| |
| | speeding/ reckless driving, and/ or other
|
| alcohol use and anticipate and plan for
| |
| | aggressive impulses, resulting in motor
|
| challenges and triggers. (3) Offer
| |
| | vehicle crashes, falls, fires, near
|
| support and suggest that patients seek
| |
| | drowning, near suffocation, poisoning -
|
| support from their friends and family.
| |
| | incidents, assault, self-harm, damage or
|
| (4) Recommend appropriate first- or
| |
| | loss to personal or other's property, or
|
| second-line pharmacotherapies.
| |
| | other dangerous behaviors, etc.). Yes (30
|
| · Arrange follow-up within the first
| |
| | points)
|
| week after the quit date to prevent
| |
| | 2. I have a history (more than one
|
| relapse.
| |
| | incident) of the above risky behaviors,
|
| Accurate diagnosis is dependent on a
| |
| | and/ or of having obsessive thoughts and
|
| thorough multidimensional assessment
| |
| | impulsive behaviors that have resulted in
|
| process along with the possible help of a
| |
| | some negative consequences, (e.g.,
|
| multidisciplinary treatment team
| |
| | alcohol/ substance abuse, sexual
|
| approach. Behavioral Medicine
| |
| | promiscuity, speeding/ reckless driving,
|
| practitioners have come to realize that
| |
| | other aggressive impulses, resulting in
|
| although a disorder may be primarily
| |
| | motor vehicle crashes, falls, fires, near
|
| physical or primarily psychological in
| |
| | drowning, near suffocation, poisoning -
|
| nature, it is always a disorder of the
| |
| | incidents, assault, self-harm, damage or
|
| whole person - not just of the body or
| |
| | loss to personal or other's property, or
|
| the mind. The ARMS approach examines the
| |
| | other dangerous behaviors, etc.).
|
| broad bio-psychosocial context of the
| |
| | Specify behavior(s):
|
| individual (e.g., biomedical, behavioral,
| |
| | _________________________ Yes (10 points)
|
| interpersonal, social, cultural,
| |
| | Scoring: The Addictions Recovery
|
| spiritual, and self-regulative factors,
| |
| | Measurement System utilizes an arbitrary,
|
| etc.), when assessing an individual to
| |
| | but standardized "weighted"
|
| determine the presence of a lifestyle
| |
| | classification process to assign
|
| addiction. It is concerned with the
| |
| | different intensity levels of prognostic
|
| health choices individuals make as well
| |
| | factors relative to each individual's
|
| as modifying and altering unhealthy
| |
| | test scores (e.g., Clinical Evaluation
|
| lifestyles to directly reduce illness and
| |
| | Guide: 10 points = High Risk with chronic
|
| illness behavior that predisposes them to
| |
| | & severe symptoms; 20 points = Moderate
|
| other physical illnesses.
| |
| | Risk with acute & moderate symptoms; and
|
| The ARMS battery of dimensional
| |
| | 30 points = Low Risk with no present
|
| assessment and screening instruments
| |
| | acute symptoms, etc.). This method is
|
| focus on the multidimensional aspects of
| |
| | used in an attempt to objectively
|
| diagnosis, but continue to promote the
| |
| | measure, integrate, and systematize the
|
| standard screening instruments for
| |
| | collection, tabulation, interpretation,
|
| specific substance abuse addictions
| |
| | and graphical display of the ARMS
|
| (e.g., CAGE, MAST, AUDIT, SASSI, etc.).
| |
| | screening instrument test results.
|
| The ARMS battery can also assist with
| |
| | Behavior Risk Assessment (BRA)
|
| developing the other four DSM axes of a
| |
| | Tabulation Guide: (Example)
|
| clinical diagnosis. The Multidimensional
| |
| | 1. Substance Intake Screen: Nicotine
|
| Psychosocial Stressors Inventory (MPSI)
| |
| | Score = 30
|
| is utilized to narrow down a list of axis
| |
| | Alcohol Score = 10
|
| one diagnoses and axis four stressors.
| |
| | Illegal Drugs Score = 20
|
| The Personality Feature Checklist (PFC)
| |
| | Caffeine Score = 10 (Divide by 4)
|
| can assist with identifying an
| |
| | 70 = 17.5 Score = 17.5
|
| individual's personality traits on axis
| |
| | 2. Eating Attitude Screen Score = 30
|
| two that may be contributing to his
| |
| | 3. Exercise Pattern Screen Score = 30
|
| addictive life-style. The General Health
| |
| | 4. Sleep Pattern Screen Score = 30
|
| Risk Assessment (GHRA) can assist with
| |
| | 5. Sexual Practice Screen Score = 20
|
| identifying physical symptoms and other
| |
| | 6. Pathological Gambling Screen Score =
|
| addictive behaviors to consider
| |
| | 20
|
| alternative axis three diagnoses. The
| |
| | 7. Risky Behavior Screen Score = 10
|
| Religious Attitudes Inventory (RAI) can
| |
| | (Score) divided by 7 multiplied by 3.33
|
| assist with assessing a patient's
| |
| | Total Score =157.5
|
| spiritual/ religious life-functioning
| |
| | 157.5 divided by 7 = 22.5 x 3.33 = 74.9
|
| dimension. The Prognostic Assessment
| |
| | Cumulative PAG Score = 74.9
|
| Gauge (PAG) cumulative score can
| |
| | Prognostic Assessment Gauge (PAG) -
|
| objectively reveal a prognostic level of
| |
| | Interpretive Guide:
|
| functioning for axis five. This thorough
| |
| | ___ Excellent = 80 to 100 (e.g.,
|
| assessment approach attempts to leave no
| |
| | optimal level of functioning, etc.)
|
| stone unturned. The following brief
| |
| | 75_ Good = 60 to 80 (e.g., above
|
| screening tool is just one of twelve
| |
| | satisfactory level of functioning w/
|
| screening instruments proposed in the
| |
| | Mild symptoms)
|
| Addictions Recovery Measurement System to
| |
| | ___ Fair = 40 to 60 (e.g.,
|
| assist providers with the poly-behavioral
| |
| | satisfactory level of functioning w/
|
| addiction assessment process:
| |
| | Moderate symptoms, etc.)
|
| Behavior Risk Assessment Screen (BRAS)
| |
| | ___ Poor = 20 to 40 (e.g.,
|
| Fact Sheet
| |
| | unsatisfactory level of functioning w/
|
| The Behavior Risk Assessment (BRA) is an
| |
| | Severe symptoms, etc.)
|
| efficient and effective screening tool
| |
| | ___ Guarded = 0 to 20 (e.g.,
|
| used for early detection of unhealthy
| |
| | eminent danger to self or others, etc.)
|
| life-style practices before they manifest
| |
| | The Prognostic Assessment Gauge (PAG)
|
| themselves as major health problems. It
| |
| | Score can be used to score just one or
|
| is comprised of the following six
| |
| | all twelve -
|
| screening tools: 1) Substance Intake
| |
| | ARMS - screening instruments. It is
|
| Screen: (Nicotine, Alcohol, Illegal
| |
| | utilized as an indication of how well an
|
| Drugs), 2) Eating Attitude Screen, 3)
| |
| | individual is copingat the present time.
|
| Exercise Pattern Screen, 4) Sleep Pattern
| |
| | It summarizes an individual's overall
|
| Screen, 5) Sexual Practice Screen, 6)
| |
| | psychological, social, and
|
| Gambling Practice Screen, and the 7)
| |
| | occupationalfunctionability and may
|
| Risky Behavior Screen.
| |
| | similarly represent an objective DSM-IV,
|
| Target Population Adults - diagnosed with
| |
| | Axis V - Global Assessment of
|
| Alcohol/ Substance Abuse or Dependence
| |
| | Functioning (GAF) score.
|
| Disorders and/ or other behavioral
| |
| | NOTE: Each individual item in the (10)
|
| addictions, (e.g., gambling, eating, sex,
| |
| | high-risk category should be screened for
|
| religious addictions, etc.). For adults
| |
| | furtherassessment.
|
| in both inpatient and outpatient
| |
| | Conclusion
|
| settings.
| |
| | Since successful treatment outcomes are
|
| _________________________
| |
| | dependent on thorough assessments,
|
| Administrative Issues The BRA has 21
| |
| | accurate diagnoses, and comprehensive
|
| items that an individual can answer
| |
| | individualized treatment planning, it is
|
| within minutes. It is easily scored, and
| |
| | no wonder that repeated rehabilitation
|
| the results can be quickly integrated
| |
| | failures and low success rates are the
|
| into the Prognostic Assessment Gauge for
| |
| | norm instead of the exception in the
|
| a cumulative prognosis score.
| |
| | addictions field, when the latest
|
| _________________________
| |
| | DSM-IV-TR does not even include a
|
| Scoring Time required: 10 minutes
| |
| | diagnosis for multiple addictive
|
| Scored by Clinician
| |
| | behavioral disorders. Treatment clinics
|
| See scoring guide
| |
| | need to have a treatment planning system
|
| _________________________
| |
| | and referral network that is equipped to
|
| Clinical Utility In addition to the
| |
| | thoroughly assess multiple addictive and
|
| BRA's effectiveness in initially
| |
| | mental health disorders and related
|
| detecting an individual's risk for
| |
| | treatment needs and comprehensively
|
| potential health, and/ or other addictive
| |
| | provide education/ awareness, prevention
|
| problems, it can also be used as an
| |
| | strategy groups, and/ or specific
|
| awareness education tool for the
| |
| | addictions treatment services for
|
| prevention of behavioral health problems.
| |
| | individuals diagnosed with multiple
|
| _________________________
| |
| | addictions. Written treatment goals and
|
| Research Applicability The BRA's brevity,
| |
| | objectives should be specified for each
|
| ease of administration and scoring, and
| |
| | separate addiction and dimension of an
|
| availability of computer format for data
| |
| | individuals' life, and the desired
|
| storage and analysis make it highly
| |
| | performance outcome or completion
|
| useful for research applications. Based
| |
| | criteria should be specifically stated,
|
| on independent interviews by a mental
| |
| | behaviorally based (a visible activity),
|
| health professional, the BRA administered
| |
| | and measurable.
|
| by primary care practitioners'
| |
| | For more info see:
|
| demonstrated good accuracy (sensitivity
| |
| | Poly-Behavioral Addiction and the
|
| and specificity) for collecting
| |
| | Addictions Recovery Measurement System
|
| significant clinical history data in a
| |
| | (ARMS)at:
|
| timely manner for prognostic
| |
| | James Slobodzien, Psy.D. CSAC, is a
|
| decision-making. Treatment outcome
| |
| | Hawaii licensed psychologist and
|
| studies are presently in process.
| |
| | certified substance abuse counselor who
|
| Copyright, and Source
| |
| | earned his doctorate in Clinical
|
| © March 2004 by James Slobodzien, Psy.
| |
| | Psychology. The National Registry of
|
| D.
| |
| | Health Service Providers in Psychology
|
| Behavior Risk Assessment Screen (BRAS)
| |
| | credentials Dr. Slobodzien. He has over
|
| Name: _______________________________
| |
| | 20-years of mental health experience
|
| Date: ____________________________
| |
| | primarily working in the fields of
|
| Signature: ____________________________
| |
| | alcohol/ substance abuse and behavioral
|
| SSN: ____________________________
| |
| | addictions in medical, correctional, and
|
| The Behavior Risk Assessment Screen is
| |
| | judicial settings. He is an adjunct
|
| comprised of the following seven
| |
| | professor of Psychology and also
|
| screening scales:
| |
| | maintains a private practice as a mental
|
| A. Substance Intake Screen
| |
| | health consultant.
|
| B. Eating Attitude Screen
| |
| | References
|
| C. Exercise Pattern Screen
| |
| | American Psychiatric Association:
|
| D. Sleep Pattern Screen
| |
| | Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
|
| E. Sexual Practice Screen
| |
| | Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition,
|
| F. Gambling Practice Screen
| |
| | Text Revision. Washington, DC, American
|
| G. Risky Behavior Screen
| |
| | Psychiatric Association, 2000, p. 787 &
|
| Instructions:
| |
| | p. 731.
|
| Following are groups of statements that
| |
| | American Society of Addiction Medicine's
|
| are numbered and weighted - 10, 20, or
| |
| | (2003), "Patient Placement Criteria for
|
| 30. Please read each group of statements
| |
| | the
|
| carefully. Then pick out the one
| |
| | Treatment of Substance-Related Disorders,
|
| statement in each group that is most true
| |
| | 3rd Edition, Retrieved, June 18, 2005,
|
| for you, and circle the number beside the
| |
| | from:
|
| statement that you pick.
| |
| | Arthur Aron, Ph.D., professor,
|
| NOTE: Be sure to read all the statements
| |
| | psychology, State University of New York,
|
| in each group, and circle just one number
| |
| | Stony Brook; Helen
|
| beside the statements that you pick.
| |
| | Fisher, research professor, department of
|
| A. Substance Intake Screen: Score = ___
| |
| | anthropology, Rutgers University, New
|
| (Total - Nicotine, Alcohol, Illicit drugs
| |
| | Brunswick, N.J.;
|
| & Caffeine Scores and divide by 4= ___
| |
| | Paul Sanberg, Ph.D.,professor,
|
| (Total Score)
| |
| | neuroscience, and director, Center of
|
| Nicotine Use Score = ___
| |
| | Excellence for Aging and
|
| 1. I do not smoke cigarettes, cigars, or
| |
| | Brain Repair,University of South Florida
|
| pipes or use smokeless "chewing" tobacco,
| |
| | College of Medicine, Tampa; June 2005,
|
| and I am not exposed to tobacco smoke
| |
| | the Journal of
|
| regularly. Yes (30 points)
| |
| | Neurophysiology
|
| 2. I typically smoke a pack or more
| |
| | Gorski, T. (2001), Relapse Prevention In
|
| daily, and/ or chew more than a can of
| |
| | The Managed Care Environment.
|
| tobacco per day. Yes (10 points)
| |
| | GORSKI-CENAPS Web
|
| Alcohol Use Score = ___
| |
| | Publications. Retrieved June 20, 2005,
|
| 1. (Male) I do not drink alcoholic
| |
| | from:
|
| beverages, or if I drink, I do not
| |
| | Lienard, J. & Vamecq, J. (2004), Presse
|
| consume more than 2-standard alcoholic
| |
| | Med, Oct 23;33(18 Suppl):33-40.
|
| drinks per occasion, or more than
| |
| | Morgan, G.D.; and Fox, B.J. Promoting
|
| 14-drinks per week.
| |
| | Cessation of Tobacco Use. The Physician
|
| (Female) I do not drink alcohol, or if I
| |
| | and Sports medicine. Vol 28- No. 12,
|
| drink, I do not consume more than
| |
| | December 2000.
|
| 1-standard alcoholic drink per occasion,
| |
| | Slobodzien, J. (2005). Poly-behavioral
|
| or more than 7-drinks per week.
| |
| | Addiction and the Addictions Recovery
|
| (Male & Female) I never drink while
| |
| | Measurement System (ARMS),
|
| having medical problems (e.g., female-
| |
| | Booklocker.com, Inc., p. 5.
|
| pregnancy, etc.) or while operating
| |
| | Whitlock, E.P. Evaluating Primary Care
|
| machinery. Yes (30 points)
| |
| | Behavioral Counseling Interventions: An
|
| 2. I drink, but I do not consume more
| |
| | Evidence-based Approach. Am J Prev Med
|
| than 3 (female) or 4 (male) standard
| |
| | 2002;22(4): 267-84.
|
| alcoholic drinks per occasion on any one
| |
| | U.S. Department of Health and Human
|
| day of the week. Yes (20 points)
| |
| | Services. Healthy People 2010 (Conference
|
| 3. I typically consume 4 or more standard
| |
| | Edition). Washington, DC: U.S. Government
|
| alcoholic drinks per occasion, and
| |
| | Printing Office; 2000.
|
