A Book Review & Critique of Jay Adams' Book Competent to Counsel

It wasn't until the early 1970's when I was introduced toand focuses on three factors: The Holy Spirit is
Jay Adams that I begin to see a great distinctionsovereign, the Holy Spirit works through means, and
between generic counseling and genuine biblicalthose means are the Word of God. This forms the
counseling. I was 21 years old at the time when thefoundation of Adams' argument that Christians are
pastor of our new formed church bought and read"competent to counsel."
Adam's book "Competent to Counsel." My pastorAdams introduces us to the two Greek words that
raved on the significance of the book and proceededform the apex of biblical counseling: nouthesis and
to indoctrinate our small flock with its contents. I didn'tnoutheteo. He explains how these words used in the
fully understand his zeal at the time, and it wasn't until INew Testament give us the authority to confront
was older that I came to appreciate his feelings.believers with their problems and sin. Thus he terms it
Our pastor served as an officer in the U.S. Air Force"nouthetic counseling" consisting of three elements: 1. It
who was coming to the end of his career. Most of ourimplies there is a problem. 2. Problems are solved by
congregation was young military Non-Commissionedverbal means. 3. Change the problem that is hurting the
Officers (NCOs). The day came when I wascounselee. Adams continues to highlight the key
eventually transferred and left that church. As Iconcepts of nouthetic counseling by explaining the role
progressed in my military career, it was expected thatof the pastor in counseling and contrasts nouthetic
NCOs would be counselors to their subordinates. Ourconfrontation with Rogerian counseling.
profession military education devoted entire chaptersAfter laying a foundation and defining nouthetic
and lectures on non-directive or eclectic counselingcounseling, Adams provides the reader with practical
techniques. Maslow's hierarchy of needs was drilledapplication, i.e., techniques and a methodology. He
into our heads. We were warned to avoid anyexpounds on James 5:14, "Is any sick among you? let
mention of religion, but instead to make plentiful use ofhim call for the elders of the church; and let them pray
psychological techniques. As I continued my militaryover him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord"
education it finally occurred to me why my old pastorThis verses allows Adams to explore the thorny issue
was so jubilant over Adams' nouthetic approach. Heof, is sin the cause of sickness. He details man's basic
had been inundated his entire career with same stuff Iproblem, how man covers up his sin, and how the
was now getting, i.e., worldly psychology. Whencounselor has to be both extensive and intensive with
"Competent to Counsel" hit the book shelves, it offeredhis or her questioning. Adams affords the counselor
my pastor a refreshing and innovative biblical approachwith some principles such as leading the client to
that replaced the unscriptural psychology. "Competentself-discipline, how to record a client's progress, and
to Counsel" was a defining moment not only inusing the option of team counseling.
psychology, but also in Christian ministry. Adams'Adams devotes a large chapter on the topic of
pioneering work earned him the unofficial title of "thecommunication. Here he emphasizes that "the basis for
father of biblical counseling."the restoration of communication is reconciliation with
Jay Adams begins his book by detailing hisGod." Actually, reconciliation with God through Christ is
experiences as a young minister trying to counselan absolute necessity prior to the resolution of any and
members of his congregation. He speaks of his utterall problems. He acquaints us the idea of using the
frustration and the lack of biblical material to assist him.conference table as a tool to ensure families use
Alas, there wasn't any. Everything he had been taughtbiblical communication in conflict resolution. Adams uses
was from a secular perspective leaving himthe final chapter of his book to show how Christian
completely unprepared for what lay before him. Hence,school teachers can act as nouthetic counselors and
he began the journey to develop a better way to dealhow God uses the school teacher to develop
with "mental illness."structure and discipline in students' lives.
Adams provides a brief history of psychiatry andFinally, Adams closes his book by exhorting ministers,
quickly shows how it is bankrupt, not only biblically butChristian workers, and every Christian, that they are all
effectually. He explores the various theories andcompetent to counsel. Some Christians are more
discusses the results of following the teachings ofcompetent than others but with discipline and study,
Sigmund Freud. Adams attempts to demonstrate thatmore can be. To assist the counselor Adams includes
the "mentally ill" are not ill at all, but simply sinners tryinga personal data inventory example for counselors to
to run or hide from their sins. He introduces the Holyuse and gather preliminary data on their client.
Spirit as the effectual change agent in a Christian's life,